French bean is grown in every region of the state for commercial off-season vegetable and seeds. In the lower areas it is cultivated in spring, summer and autumn winter season. Whereas in middle and higher regions its sowing is done from March to June.
French Bean Farming
Investment Material
per Hectare | per Bigha | per Kanal | |
Seeds (Dwarf) (kg) | 75 | 6 | 3 |
Seed (long pole type) (kg) | 30 | 2.5 | 1.25 |
Farmyard Manure (Quintal) | 200 | 16 | 8 |
Method-1 | |||
Urea (Kg) | 110 | 8.8 | 4.4 |
Superphosphate (Kg) | 625 | 50 | 25 |
Muriate of Potash (kg) | 85 | 7 | 3.5 |
Method-2 | |||
12:32:16 Mixed Fertilizers (Kg) | 313 | 25 | 12.5 |
Muriate of Potash (kg) | – | – | – |
Urea (Kg) | 26 | 2.1 | 1.05 |
Weed Control | |||
lasso (liter) or | 3 | 240 ml | 120 ml |
pendimethalin (stomp) liter or | 4 | 320 ml | 160 ml |
Thiobencarb (Saturn) liter or | 4 | 320 ml | 160 ml |
Fluchloralin (Basalin) liter | 2.5 | 200 ml | 100 ml |
Note: Spray Stomp or Lasso immediately after sowing (within 24 to 48 hours) and do not move the layer of medicine from the soil after spray.
Sowing
Low-hill Areas | February-March, August-September |
Mid-hill Areas | March-April, June (for long pole type varieties) |
High-hill Areas | April-June |
Approved Varieties
Varieties |
Features |
Bush dwarf type varieties |
|
Contender |
Its pods are dark green in colour, fiberless and curved at the bottom. Average yield 75-100 quintals per hectare. |
Pusa Parvati |
The pods are green, fibrous, flat and straight. Average yield 100-125 quintals per hectare. |
V.L. dwarf-1 |
The pods are green in colour, fiberless, thick and slightly curved from below. Average yield 90-100 quintals per hectare. |
Arka Komal | The pods are dark green in colour, straight and fibreless. It is also resistant to anthracnose disease. |
Solan Naina | Its pods are dark green in color and straight. The pods are ready for harvesting in about 45 days. The average yield is 125-140 quintals per hectare. |
Palam Mridula |
This variety becomes ready for first plucking in about 50 days. Its pods are attractive, straight, round, fiberless and green in colour. Plants are of medium height and the stem is thick so that there is no need for support. Average yield 135 quintals per hectare. |
Bell shaped or tall varieties |
|
S.V.M.-1 |
The pods are dark colored, round, straight and less fibrous. This is a variety resistant to angular leaf spot disease. Average yield 100-125 quintals per hectare. |
Laxmi (P-37) |
The pods are attractive green in colour, 3 pods per bunch, flat-round and fiber-free. Average yield 160 quintals per hectare. |
Kentucky Wonder |
The pods are long and oblong, curved and are ready in 65 days. Average yield 100-125 quintals per hectare. |
Intercultural Operations
Method-1: Put well-rotted manure of cow dung in the field before plowing and prepare the field properly by plowing 2-3 times. Apply the entire quantity of urea fertilizer, superphosphate and muriate of potash in the rows before sowing.
Method-2: Add the entire quantity of cow dung manure, 12:32:16 mixed fertilizer and urea fertilizer while preparing the field.
In dwarf varieties keep the row to row distance 45 cm and 90 cm in tall or pole type varieties. Keep 5-6 cm distance between the seeds and thereafter keep the plant to plant distance 12-15 cm. Sowing of pole type varieties should be done by making ridges and at the appropriate time (15-20 days after sowing) stacking should be done with bamboo stack or plastic twine but to get more yield, plant the pole type varieties along with the maize in such a way that the vines Can climb on the maize plant.
In the temperate regions of the state, it has been observed that if Cabbage crop is planted between the rows of French bean, the yield is higher. To get more income, farmers can do intercropping of French bean and Cabbage.
Weeding, Weed Control and Water Management
Weeding and Weed Control
To get more yield, do weeding 2-3 weeks after sowing and before flowering. To control annual weeds, apply Alachlor (Lasso) 1.5 kg before crop growth. (SP) or Thiobencarb (Saturan) 2 kg. (SP) or Pendimethalin (Stomp) 1.2 kg. (SP) or Fluchloralin (Basalin) 1.35 kg. (S.P.) Dissolve it in 750-800 liters of water and spray it per hectare. If there is a problem of motha weed then spray Lasso. Removing weeds by hand results in greater crop growth.
Water Management
It is beneficial to irrigate the crop at an interval of 5-7 days and as per requirement. Irrigation is very beneficial at the time of flowering and development of pods.
Plant Protection
Symptoms/Attacks |
Treatment |
Diseases | |
Anthacnose: Brown sunken spots appear on the pods. |
1. Use healthy seeds. |
Rhizoctonia web blight: A special type of red-brown sunken marks start forming on the soil as well as the stem. |
1. Treat the seeds with Bavistin 50 WP (2 g/kg). |
Angular leaf spot disease: Reddish brown angular spots appear on the lower surface of the leaves on which black thorn-like marks are found. | 1. Sow only healthy seeds 2. Treat the seeds with Bavistin 50 WP (2 gm/kg). 3. Adopt 2-year crop rotation in infected areas. After 35 days of sowing, spray Bavistin/Mavistin 50 WP (5 grams per liter of water) or Indofil M-45 (25 grams per 10 liters of water) at an interval of 15 days. |
Floury Leaf Spot: White spots of floury fungus start appearing on the lower side of the leaves. |
1. Take healthy seeds for sowing. 2. Adopt three-year crop rotation in infected areas. |
Blight disease: Small yellow transparent spots appear on the leaves. The leaves turn yellow and red stripes and marks also appear on them. |
1. Sow disease free seeds. 2. For seed treatment, soak the seeds in a solution of 1 gram streptocycline and 25 grams of Hexacap in 10 liters of water for four hours. |
Common leaf curl disease (Common Mosaic): Leaves start curling inward after losing greenness. Withering occurs around the veins, less pods are produced. They also produce less seeds. Plants remain small in size. | 1. Plant disease resistant varieties Pusa Parvati, Kentucky Wonder and Contender. 2. For controlling disease carrying insects. Spray the solution of Malathion 50 E.C. 10 ml/ 10 litres of water. |
Insect | |
Mites: Suck juices from soft parts of the plant. When the greenness is lost, white spots start forming on the leaves. The plant dries up and gets destroyed. | As soon as they get infected, Spray 100 ml Malathion (Cythian 50 EC) or Dicofol (Hexacil/Calthane/Hilphol 18.5 EC) dissolved in 100 liters of water. |
Blister Beetle: These insects feed on flowers and beans, due to which pod production is reduced. | Spray 100ml Cypermethrin (Ripcard 10 EC) or 100ml Deltamethrin (Dacis 2.8 EC) dissolved in 100 litres of water on crop. |
Bean bug: Infants and adults suck sap from the lower side of leaves. Severely affected areas turn yellow and leaves fall. | Spray 100 ml Dimethoate (Roger 30 EC) solution dissolved in 100 litres of water on crop before flowering and fruit formation. |
Integrated Sprinkler Table
- Take healthy seeds for sowing.
- Before sowing, soak the seeds for four hours in a solution of 1 gram Streptocyclin and 25 grams Hexacap in 10 liters of water.
- Apply Bavistin 50 W.P. in infected areas at an interval of 8-10 days. Spray P. (10 grams/ 10 liters of water) or Indofil M-45 (25 grams/ 10 liters of water).
- To prevent common mosaic diseases, plant resistant varieties like Contender and Kentucky Wonder.
- In case of general mosaic problem, spray Malathion 50 EC (10 ml/10 liter water).
Harvesting and Yield
Harvesting
Harvest when the pods have taken the desired shape and the seeds are still soft. For higher income, harvest the pods before they lose their greenness or shine. Dwarf varieties are ready for first harvest in 50-60 days and cylindrical or tall varieties in 65-70 days.
Yard Long Bean/Meter Pod Cultivation Practices Follow approved recommendations in rail-type varieties of bean.
Yield
Varieties | per Hectare | per Bigha | per Kanal |
Dwarf Bush Type Varieties (Quintal) | 75-100 | 6-8 | 3-4 |
Pole Type Varieties (Quintal) | 100-150 | 8-12 | 4-6 |
Seed Production
Seed Production
Seed production is like that of normal crop but middle and higher areas are more suitable for its seed production. Keep a gap of at least 25 meters between two varieties so that there is no mixing of seeds at the time of harvesting.
In seed crops, undesirable plants should be removed from the field before flowering, after flowering and after fruiting (marketable stage). Plants affected by diseases and viruses should be removed from the seed crop.
When most of the pods are ripened and start turning yellow or dry up, uproot the plants or pluck the dry pods. Remove seeds from these beans after 10-15 days. Clean it and dry it thoroughly and store it.
Seed Yield
Varieties | per Hectare | per Bigha | per Kanal |
Dwarf Bush Type Varieties | 10-12 (Quintal) | 80-100 kg | 40-50 kg |
Pole Type Varieties | 15-20 (Quintal) | 120-160 kg | 60-80 kg |
Yard Long Bean / Asparagus Bean Farming
Intercultural Operations: For the cultivation of asparagus bean, follow the same cultural practices as for the bell-shaped asparagus bean.
Approved Varieties
Varieties |
Features |
Palam Long Bean |
This is the first recommendation of Shatavari Bean/Yard Long Bean for Himachal Pradesh. Plants are indeterminate, reaching a height of 240–250 cm, so staking is required to ensure quality of production. It is ready for first plucking in about 60 days after sowing. The pods are very long (40-45 cm), attractive, light green, fleshy, soft, juicy and hard. The average yield is 110-120 quintals per hectare. The bean is resistant to anthracnose. The seeds are medium sized and black in colour. This variety is suitable for lower and middle hilly areas of Himachal Pradesh. |